How to get citizenship in Germany

Who Can Apply for German Citizenship?

Germany offers citizenship through several paths. You may qualify if you were born in Germany, have German parents, or have lived in the country for a certain number of years. Most people who aren't born German or descended from German citizens pursue naturalization — the process of applying for citizenship after living in Germany long-term.

The Naturalization Path

To apply for German citizenship through naturalization, you'll typically need to:

• Live in Germany for a minimum number of years (usually 5-8 years, depending on circumstances)
• Hold a valid residence permit
• Show basic knowledge of the German language
• Demonstrate understanding of the German constitution and legal system
• Prove you can support yourself financially
• Have a clean criminal record

Some people may qualify faster if they're married to a German citizen, have German children, or have completed successful integration programs.

Language and Civics Requirements

Germany requires applicants to speak German at a basic level so you can participate in daily life and understand laws affecting you. You'll also need to pass a civics test showing knowledge of German government, history, and constitutional values. These aren't extremely difficult — most people preparing with study materials pass them.

Dual Citizenship Rules

Germany generally doesn't allow dual citizenship for adults. When you become a German citizen, you usually must give up your previous nationality. However, exceptions exist for EU citizens and some other groups. Check whether your country allows dual nationality or has special agreements with Germany.

Getting Started

Begin by contacting your local immigration office (Ausländerbehörde) or naturalization office (Einbürgerungsbehörde). They'll explain:

• Exact requirements for your situation
• Which documents you need to gather
• Application fees
• Processing timelines
• Language course options

Next Steps

Gather important documents like your passport, residence permits, employment records, and proof of housing. Take a German language course if you haven't already — most cities offer affordable options through adult education centers or integration programs.

Start your application process at least 6-12 months before you want citizenship, since processing can take time.

This is general self-help information, not legal advice. Always verify current rules on the official government website.